Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1984) George Mason University (J.D., 1987) 1987, Virginia and U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit 1988, Pennsylvania, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Virginia U.S. Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit; 1989 U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania and U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.